Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) is developed on the basis of MEM medium. Compared with MEM medium, the amino acid content is increased by 2 times, the vitamin content is increased by 4 times, and non-essential amino acids, trace iron ions and sodium pyruvate are also added. The glucose content of DMEM medium was originally designed to be 1000 mg/L (low sugar type), and later developed to be 4500 mg/L (high sugar type). It is now widely used in the culture of various cells.
DMEM high-sugar medium is commonly used in fast-growing, low-adhesion cells, myeloma cells of hybridomas, cloned cells, DNA-transfected transformed cells, various primary virus host cells, single cell culture and vaccine production, such as using CHO cells to express EPO and produce hepatitis B vaccine.
Phenol red is used as a pH indicator in the culture medium to continuously monitor the pH of the culture medium. At low pH values, phenol red makes the culture medium yellow, while at higher pH values, it makes the culture medium purple. It is red at pH values of 7.2-7.4, which is most suitable for cell culture. However, phenol red also has some disadvantages. Studies have shown that phenol red can simulate the effects of steroid hormones (especially estrogen). Therefore, when using estrogen-sensitive cells (such as breast tissue), it is best to use a culture medium without phenol red. Phenol red can interfere with detection during flow cytometry analysis. In addition, the presence of phenol red in some serum-free culture medium formulas can interfere with sodium-potassium balance.
Penicillin-streptomycin mixture is also commonly referred to as "double antibiotics". It is the most commonly used antibiotic in in vitro culture to prevent microbial contamination. Among them, penicillin can interfere with the synthesis of bacterial cell walls and is particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria; while streptomycin can bind to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes and inhibit the synthesis of bacterial proteins. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, but is particularly effective against Gram-negative bacteria. The combined use of penicillin and streptomycin can prevent most bacterial contamination.
This product contains a variety of ingredients such as amino acids, vitamins, inorganic salts, etc. required for various types of cell culture; but it does not contain proteins, lipids or any growth factors; therefore, this product needs to be used with serum or serum-free additives.
Precautions
1. This product has been sterilized by filtration. When using it, please pay attention to aseptic operation to avoid contamination;
2. To maintain the best use effect of this product, please do not perform freeze-thaw treatment;
3. This product is only used for scientific research or further research, not for diagnosis and treatment.
